Evolution of Tata Group

Tata Group is a privately held conglomerate with almost 100 enterprises in the chemical, consumer products, energy, engineering, information systems, materials, and services industries. The company's headquarters are in Mumbai.

Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, an entrepreneur and philanthropist, started the Tata Group as a private trading enterprise in 1868. The Indian Hotels Company was formed in 1902 to commission the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower, India's first luxury hotel, which opened the following year. After Jamsetji Tata's death in 1904, his son Sir Dorab Tata became the Tata Group's chairman. Under Dorab's direction, the company quickly expanded into a wide range of new industries, including steel (1907), electricity (1910), education (1911), consumer products (1917), and aviation (1919). (1932).

Sir Nowroji Saklatwala became the group's chair after Dorab's death in 1932. Six years later, the job was taken up by Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata (J.R.D.). Tata Group gained international reputation as a result of his ongoing development into new industries, such as chemicals (1939), technology (1945), cosmetics (1952), marketing, engineering, and manufacturing (1954), tea (1962), and software services (1968). The Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO) was founded in 1945 by the Tata Group to develop engineering and locomotive equipment; it was renamed Tata Motors in 2003. J.R.D.'s nephew, Indian business magnate Ratan Tata, took over as chairman of the Tata Group in 1991.

Ratan aggressively pushed to develop the conglomerate after acquiring control, and he progressively concentrated on globalising its operations. In 2000, the company bought Tetley Tea in London, and in 2004, it bought Daewoo Motors' truck manufacturing operations in South Korea. Tata Group collaborated with American International Group, Inc. (AIG) in 2001 to form Tata-AIG, an insurance company.

When Tata Steel acquired the huge Anglo-Dutch steel maker Corus Group in 2007, it completed the largest corporate takeover by an Indian business. When the business entered the automotive market the next year, it generated international news. Tata Motors formally debuted the Nano on January 10, 2008, a tiny, rear-engine, pod-shaped vehicle that eventually sold for $1,500 to $3,000 (without options, tax, and transportation fees).The highly touted "People's Car" could seat up to five adults and, in Tata's words, would provide a "safe, affordable, all-weather form of transportation" for millions of middle- and lower-income consumers both in India and abroad, despite being only slightly more than 3 metres (10 feet) long and about 1.5 metres (5 feet) wide. In July 2009, the first Nano was released in India. In 2008, Tata Motors acquired the prestigious British brands Jaguar and Land Rover from Ford Motor Company. Ratan Tata retired four years later and was followed by Cyrus Mistry.In October 2016, Mistry was abruptly fired as chairman, apparently due to differences with members of the Tata family over business strategy, and Ratan was reassigned on an interim basis. Ratan's second term as chairman came to an end in January 2017, when Natarajan Chandrasekaran took over.

Tata Group announced plans to merge its European steelmaking operations with those of German steelmaker ThyssenKrupp in September 2017. After ArcelorMittal, the deal was completed in June 2018, becoming Europe's second largest steel manufacturer.